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View Full Version : The Spark, alittle about spark plugs


wherezmytofu
03-08-2003, 10:59 AM
I have heard over and over again that copper tip spark plugs are better then platinum tips because copper is a better conductor, that is logic pulled from limited knowledge of physics.

Dielectric breakdown (a spark) is caused when the space surrounding the object begins to brake down because of the electrons, these momentary conduction paths appear in the air where the electric field has ionized air molecules, freeing some of their electrons.

Now let us look at a small principle. In self defense, women are taught to stomp on an aggressor's foot with the heel of her shoe. WHY? because you get more LB per square feet so you will inflict more damage. This works the same for dielectric breakdown. because the dielectric breakdown we are concerned with is in air. Air can only take charge per area. This means the smaller area you can get the charge into, the easier it is to get dielectric breakdown .

Now conductivity of an element is calculated by how many ohms of resistence there is per unit (length). now the differance between 2mm of copper compared to platinum is every small. now lets look at some numbers.

Electrical resistivity (microohm-cm) @ room temperature

Copper 1.678
Platinum 10.5

as you can see, platinum has much more resistance per unit lenght

Thermal conductivity at room temp W/cm C

copper 3.94
platinum 0.69

and you can also see that platinum is much less conductive then copper. now why am i still writing? these facts clearly show copper is better then platinum. like i stated before dielectric brake down is concerned about the smaller area you can get the charge into .

in earlier eras copper was used relitivly sortly as a weapon/armor element, because of the fact that is was a soft metal, it is relitively soft. In terms of a sword, the edge was hard to keep sharp due to the fact that copper is reitively not-hard. the harder a metal is the better it's ability to keep an edge. this is also true with the ability to make a tip as small as possible.

again lets look at some numbers.

Rockwell scale of hardness

copper b50-c18
platinum c48

as you can see platinum is much much harder then copper, this means you are able to work it to a smaller tip, this is the sole reason why platinum is a better spark plug tip then copper, because of the smaller tip, you are able to put more electrons in a unit area.

this is also why iridium is a better spark plug wire tip element then both. iridium has a rockwell hardness of C51.

what do i think is the best spark plug out there? bosch p+4 it has four tips, even tho iridium spark plug tips are smaller, you must compare it to four tips and since i have not seen any multi-tip iridium plugs i will have to go with the +4, even tho the iridium tips make a larger spark :)

240 2NR
03-08-2003, 03:25 PM
It also adds to durabilty. Where a standard plug (copper) may require replacement every 10-15k miles, platinum allows for 100k change intervals. Iridium may increase this even further (provided you're not making like 1000hp). I think the advantage in tuning and using platinum or iridium plugs is that they can prolong the period in which the plugs performs the same.

wherezmytofu
03-08-2003, 11:54 PM
Originally posted by 240 2NR
It also adds to durabilty. Where a standard plug (copper) may require replacement every 10-15k miles, platinum allows for 100k change intervals. Iridium may increase this even further (provided you're not making like 1000hp). I think the advantage in tuning and using platinum or iridium plugs is that they can prolong the period in which the plugs performs the same. the reason they last longer is the fact that the element is harder, like i stated it is able ot hold the tip :)

litlespic
03-09-2003, 10:01 AM
I have always been a follower of the single copper.. be it the NGK v - power, or the autolite... 4 isnt always better than one... I hate the double and quad plugs.. they just dont seem that great... and platnium doesnt sound as great as some say.. cept for durabilty...

If you are worried about geting a good spark from a single copper just get a file and file down the tip so the edge is half way over the ground... so that the spark doesnt have to travel as far.. the spark goes from the edge of the tip to the ground... but whatever floats your boat

Jeff240sx
03-09-2003, 10:17 AM
Originally posted by litlespic
I have always been a follower of the single copper.. be it the NGK v - power, or the autolite... 4 isnt always better than one... I hate the double and quad plugs.. they just dont seem that great... and platnium doesnt sound as great as some say.. cept for durabilty...

If you are worried about geting a good spark from a single copper just get a file and file down the tip so the edge is half way over the ground... so that the spark doesnt have to travel as far.. the spark goes from the edge of the tip to the ground... but whatever floats your boat

There is a law stating that electricity charges build up around the smallest, pointiest part of a hunk of metal. Think of it. In a large, flat electrode, the electricity has to build up over the entire area of the tip, and then fire, while in an iridium plug, it builds up over the .4mm tip, and lets out. The spark off a smaller tip, given constant voltage, will be much greater.
Also, the platinum/iridium plugs will last much longer, and I'd rather pay $3.00 per plug that lasts 60-100k miles than $1.50/plug that lasts 1/2 that.
Finally, the theory between multi-tipped plugs is that electricity is lazy, and will take the path of least resistance from a positive to a negative. If there is a choice of paths to different tips, you can potentially enhance the spark due to the loss in resistance.
-Jeff

litlespic
03-09-2003, 10:27 AM
platnum might only cost 2ce what the copper does.. but for my car an iridium NGK cost 16 bucks... instead of 1.67... so thats why Im not on the iridium bus.. but if the smaller tip helps why not just make the tip as small as you can over the ground with the file???

Jeff240sx
03-09-2003, 10:34 AM
Iridium plugs (4) cost $39.99 at enjukuracing.com.. I think you gotta email them for em though.
Also, if you file down an electrode, you will lose durability, and have greater chances of the electrode snapping off, or flaking apart. Less durability = less life = more money eventually, since the plugs last 1/2 as long as they should. Snapping off means metal in your combustion chamber.
-Jeff

wherezmytofu
03-09-2003, 11:47 AM
Originally posted by litlespic
platnum might only cost 2ce what the copper does.. but for my car an iridium NGK cost 16 bucks... instead of 1.67... so thats why Im not on the iridium bus.. but if the smaller tip helps why not just make the tip as small as you can over the ground with the file??? thats actualy what they do